Trent Reznor – vocals, programming and production
Charlie Clouser – keyboards, synthesizers, programming and additional sound design
Danny Lohner – drum programming, synthesizers, guitars (tracks 1, 7, 8, 12, 15 and 19)
Jerome Dillon – drums (track 5)

Additional musicians and production personnel

Steve Albini – engineering
Tom Baker – mastering
Adrian Belew – guitars (tracks 7, 12 and 15)
Roy C. Bennett – guitars
Clinton Bradley – programming, technical assistant to Bob Ezrin
Paul Bradley – programming
Paul DeCarli – programming
Dr. Dre – additional production, mixing assistance (track 8)
Steve Duda – production, programming and percussion (track 9), chorus (tracks 9 and 18), violin (track 23), additional sound design
Bob Ezrin – additional production (album sequencing)
Ken Friedman – additional sound design
Mike Garson – piano (tracks 7, 13 and 23)
Toni Halliday – additional vocals
Page Hamilton – guitar (track 10)
Leo Herrera – engineering
Dan Hill – additional vocals
Keith Hillebrandt – programming and additional production (track 13), chorus (tracks 9 and 18), additional sound design
Cherry Holly – trumpet (track 9)
Martin Kierszenbaum – additional programming
John Lewis – piano
Denise Milfort – vocals (track 11)
Alan Moulder – production, engineering and mixing
Dave Ogilvie – engineering
Brian Pollack – engineering
Kim Prevost – vocals (track 14)
Porter Ricks – keyboards, programming and synthesizer
Bill Rieflin – drums (track 11)
Tony Thompson – drums
Willie – cello (track 11)